The Oracle Database system is a very popular DBMS, which has found multiple and varied uses all around the world. It is referred to as a multi-model relational database management system. Oracle RDBMS found its uses in online transaction databases, in database warehousing, and in database workloads. The hybrid-cloud, on-Cloud (both public and private) and on-prem are the various firms of the Oracle database 18c latest generation system. Before you get into many technicalities and start realizing the importance of Oracle in managing your organization’s databases, you need to grab the concept of database and its basic management and structure.
Introduction to DBMS
Any business, organization or institution will have their databases. It may be the details of all employees in a company or the details of all students in a school. Besides, there can be more complex and vivid forms of data. The data needs to be maintained in such an organized way so that any information can be stored, retrieved, edited, and processed easily without any confusion or ambiguity. And here comes the role of a database management system (DBMS).
For managing such bunches of lots of information, software like Oracle is made. The work of the software is to create the structure and pattern in storing, retrieving, and processing of the data, thereby making a DBMS that may work in automation or commands as set by the users.
The basic structure of a Database Management System
- The Kernel Code is the controller of storage and memory of a DBMS
- The data dictionary or Repository containing metadata
- The Query language which establishes communication between the data and the controlling applications
- The database application which is the complete software with the interface and internal commands and program structure to call the data and interact with the DBMS
The recent DBMS shifted and improved a lot from the old structure when there were challenges in changing the data structure, defining data with language, and availing proper query language. Over time the Relational Database model got formed.
Aspects of the Relational Database
The components of an RDBMS system are as follows:
- Structures made of objects designed to store and access data with proper definitions.
- Operations based on clear commands and definitions for accessing and manipulating the data.
- Integrity rules to set operating rules on the data handling and structure maintenance.
Simple relations are used in a relational database to store data which again are based on attribute values which are unordered.
The model of an RDBMS
A Relational Database is based on a relational model. The operations in an RDBMS are mainly of the following types:
- Logical Operations, based on exactly what information is called for.
- Physical Operations, based on an instruction that requires sorting, processing, and arranging data based on the requirements stated in instruction.
Introduction to ORDBMS
ORDBMS is object-relational DBMS. And Oracle is a perfect example of an ORDBMS.Oracle is based on implementing features which are object-oriented. This means using inheritance, user-defined types, and polymorphism. Due to the extension of the relational model to the object-relational model in Oracle database, it’s possible to store and process complex business data. This didn’t happen in a day. It’s the result of 30 years of research, trials, and innovation applied to the DBMS for the current day ORDBMS it is. For more information, get in touch with RemoteDBA.com.
The Schema Objects in Oracle
Physical data storage has been kept independent from logical data storage in Oracle. And this is a characteristic of the RDBMS of Oracle. A collection of the logical data structures is called the Schema objects or database Schema. The schema is named after the user who owns the database. To be more elaborate, the schema objects are structures created by the user to refer to the database directly. Tables and Indexes are two most important types of schema objects supported in Oracle.
Tables
Tables are made of rows and columns to bear data about the entity name which again is the table name itself. If the entity name is employees, then the table name would be employees too, and the table would contain data about employees. Columns contain attributes, and the rows contain instances. Rules, also called Integrity Constraints can be optional specifications for the columns in a table.
Indexes
Indexes are created on one or more table columns. This is a data structure that’s optional. They are added to make data retrieval easier. When a data is queried, then if it has an index value, it can be sorted and pulled out easier, and this helps in the processing of huge databases by reducing execution time. But the indexes are not data dependent logically or physically. Can creating indexes and dropping them on tables does not affect any other functions in any way.
The role of SQL
SQL is the abbreviation for Structured Query Language and is the global standard set of statements and a programming language, which is used to handle and process data in an Oracle database. SQL is used for creating tables, raising queries, editing tables, and all such processing. In SQL you do not say how to do a thing by defining instruction as is done in conventional C language. Rather here your query is the instruction that tells what is to be done. This means instead of telling how to do it using a set of lines, you tell what to do, thereby making it simpler.
The following things can be done using SQL statements:
- Raise a data query
- Create and modify a table and its rows
- Create and edit objects
- Access the objects and the database with full control
- Maintain a database with guaranteed integrity and consistency
SQL unifies all preceding task with consistency in the language, and the ANSI standard is actually implemented in Oracle SQL. In fact, the SQL in Oracle is far more feature rich than conventional SQL.
Finally
These are the reasons Oracle is one of the most used RDBMS languages for managing huge databases in companies. It’s backed up by object related DBMS system, and feature-rich SQL programming.
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